Triple-negative breast cancer Treatment

 Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is negative for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). This subtype of breast cancer is more aggressive and difficult to treat than other types of breast cancer, as it does not respond to hormonal therapies or targeted therapies that are effective against ER-positive, PR-positive, or HER2-positive breast cancers.

The treatment of TNBC depends on the stage of cancer and other individual factors such as age, overall health, and personal preferences. The main treatment options for TNBC include:

• Surgery: Surgery is usually the first treatment for TNBC. The aim of surgery is to remove as much cancer as possible. This may involve a lumpectomy (removal of the tumor and a surrounding margin of healthy tissue) or a mastectomy (removal of the entire breast).

• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is often used after surgery to reduce the risk of cancer coming back. It may also be used as the primary treatment for TNBC that has spread beyond the breast. Chemotherapy drugs are given intravenously or orally and are designed to kill cancer cells.

• Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to destroy cancer cells. It is often given after surgery to kill any remaining breast or lymph nodes cancer cells. It may also be used to relieve symptoms of advanced TNBC.

• Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy is a targeted therapy that stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells. Pembrolizumab and atezolizumab are two immunotherapy drugs that have been approved for use in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced TNBC.

• Clinical trials: There are ongoing clinical trials investigating new treatments for TNBC, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies.

It is essential to work closely with a team of healthcare professionals to determine the best treatment plan for TNBC.